Sound transmitter and receiver.



A. J. MUNDY. SOUND TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER. APPLICATION FILED APR. 23,1902.

Patented May 11-, 1909.

on rrnn srarns ARTHUR J. MUNDY, or BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS, Assienon 'ro siinniininnlslona f OM- uma PANY, OF WATERYILLE, MAINE, AOORPORATION OF. MAINE.

SOUND TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVE-IR.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April '23, 1902 SeriaI'No. 104,295.

Toall whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, An'ri-inn J. MUNDY, of Boston, in the county of'Sutfolk and State of Massachusetts, a citizen of the United States, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Sound 'Transmitters and. Rece vers, of which the following is a full,- clear. and exact description, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in explaining its nature.

This invention is allied with that described in Letters Patent No. 868,880 dated October 27, 1907, which describes an electrical sound transmitter and receiver for use in transmitting sound vibrations of nals or articulate speech and which comprises a pair or series of transmitters preferably arranged ,for o1nt action.

. ing diaphragm or shell. This focusing diaphragm or shell bears such relation to the transmitter that 1t serves to receive the sound .yibratlons from the souml-transmittin-g medium, whether water, air or other substance, and focuses them or apart. of them upon the diaphragm, or the diaphragms if there be more than one. of the.

electrical transmitter. The shell may also serve to protect the electrical transn'iitters from the surrounding medium, water for instance,'and may also serve to conduct vibrations to the diaphragins and the means for varying the electrical resistance by what I may be called molecular action as distin' guished from the vibration of a diaphragm. I prefer to employ a shell or focusing diaphragm which is spherical in shape and to make the same of thin brass, but I do not confine myself to this shape or to this mate- 'rial. in use it receives the sound vibrations from the medium with which it is in contact, be it water or an', and focuses them upon the interior diaphragms and also lnolecularly connnunicates them tov the means. or varying the electrical resistance with ,which it has connection.

I will now describe the-invention in conjunction With the drawing forming a part In the. present invention 1 have represented the PatentedMay 11, 1909.

of this specification where the figure shows the transmitter partly in side elevation and partly in 1 central section.. The transmitter 'is rcpresentedas submerged in water. 1"

Referring to the drawings :A represents the completetransmitting device consisting 'of the electrical transmitter B, which may be of any suitable construction. it is repre sented as centrally locatedin the focusing shell C, which also acts as a guard or pro tector. The diaphragms of the transmitter are vertically disposed within the focusing shell, and the shape of that portion of the shell in front of the 'diaphragms is such as to form a sound-refracting means which serves to deflect the sound vibrations received by it from a straight line to one which focuses them upon 'the diaphragms much as rays of light are focusedby a lens.

The capacity of each diaphragm is thereby very considerably increased and the inten sity of the sound vibrations delivered upon or against it also increasecl aml multiplied toward the center of the diaphragm thereby still further amplifying their vibratory power or effect u pen. the diaphragm and increasing its power. The shell may also serve as a protector for the transmitter and a shield forits diaphragm or diaphragms and thus tends to keep the physical'condition of the diaphragm constant under all circumstances as well as the conditions of its use. It is desirable where the transmitter is 'cmployed for submarine signaling and-is submerged in water that it be protected from injury by the water by being contained in a watertight casing. -]t is also desirable for some submarine uses that the diaphragm 1 of the transmitter be not affected by variations. which might afliect it were it exposed to the water, sucln'for instanc e,--as those arising from-variations in the specific gravity or density of the water. and by shielding the diaphragms so that the water may not come in contact therewith and that they may be maintained in a uniform condition at whatever depth the transmitter may be submerged. Any loss in effectiveness due to .the fact that such a shield holds the Water from the diaphragm or diaphragms so thatit. or they do not receive theirribratory power directly from the. inediunrfwhich' transmits it is partially orercome because of the sound-focusing.efi'ect obtainedby the shield or case, and because .also of the efiect occasioned by the molecular transfer of vibrations from the case to the means for varying electrical resistance which occurs to a greater degree when the transmitter i mounted in part upon the case as well it upon the diaphragm. I have represented in the drawings the employment within the spherical case of a transmitting apparatus comprising two transmitters in electrical connection in series with a duplex receiver. As I do not herein claim the specific construction of the transmitter and as any other transmitter may when so combined with the focusing and protecting, shell or case be used, it is unnecessary for me to further describe its construction. It has a neck 6 which passes through the shell and allords means whereby it is attached to the shell and suspended within its chamber. Its electrical connections pass through this neck and an'insulating suspending device to the duplex receiver D.

I have shown the spherical case as made in the three parts a, a a. a is the central division and has annular screw flanges a", a upon its inner side and which are adapted to receiw and hold the screw flanges a a, respectively, at the sections a, a. Such gaskets as may be necessary for preventing leakage at the joints are employed.

It will be observed that the transmitter is represented as suspended in the shell in such a manner as to present its diaphragms in a vertical plane; also, that all )arts of the transmitter, including the diaphragm, are focused with respect to the shell; n other words, the shell being spherical, focuses sound vibrations from all directions to the center of the sphere and thus the top and bottom of the transmitter are provided with sound focusers as well as the diaphragms, and this is of advantage because of the peculiarity or characteristics of waves of sound which not only have a longitudinal to and fro motion, but also varying pressure at any point in all directions. It will further be seen that this disposition of the sound focusers permits the transmitter to receive equally well sounds coming from either direction. Especially is this true with the structure which employs vibratory dia phragms in line with each other and oppositely faced.

The shell and transmitter are represented as suspended by means of a flexible suspending cord which does not govern the position of the shell or transmitter and no means are necessary for so governing them as they have what may be termed a universal power of receiving sound impulses from any direction and however their position may be with regard to them.

Having thus fully described my invention, I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States 1. An electric sound transmitter and a refracting sound focuser, arranged in relation to the diaphragm of the transmitter to focus sound vibrations thereon.

2. A sound receiving instrument comprising a transmitter and a sound focusing liquid tight inclosure for the same.

3. A. sound receiving instrument comprising a transmitter and a diaphragm having a retracting focusing surface continuous across the face of the transmitter.

l. A sound receiving instrument comprising an upright transmitter and a protecting plate therefor, continuous in a vertical plane. said plate being shaped to focus sound waves rcl'rai'ted through upon the transmitter.

5. A sound receiving instrul-uent comprising a transmitter and a retracting sound t'ocuscr therefor, said fcxruscr acting to shield the trausu'iittcr over a considerable tll't.

6. An electric sound transmitter having a number of (so-acting diapl'n'agms and a re fracting sound focuscr for each diaphragm to focus sound vibrations thereon.

7. An electric sound transmitter having a number of co-acting vertical diaphragms and a watertight sound focuser for each diaphragm arranged in relation to it to focus sound vibrations thereon.

8. An electric sound transmitter having a number of co -acting soun lreceiving diaphragms and a combined sound focuscr and watertight shield for each diaphragm arranged in relation to it to focus sound vibrations upon it and also to protect it from physical injury.

9. r soundtrausmitting device comprising a closed sphere, one or more sections of which actas a sound focusing instrumentality and an electric transmitter contained in the sphere and having a diaphragm in a focusing relation to the shell of the sphere.

10. A sound-t 'ansmitting dcvicc compris ing a sphere. sections of which act as soundfocusiug inslrumcutalitics, and a multiple electric transmitter contained in the cavity of the shell with its diaphragms in focusing relation to the smuul-focusing sections of the shell. 7

11. A soi1iul-transn'iitting device comprising a sphere. sections of which act as soundfocusing instrumentalities, and a multiple electric trzummittcr suspended by a single conm-cticn within tho shell and having souml-rccciving diaphragms o 'ipositcly and \orticallyarranged to face the walls of the shell.

12. A vertically disposed electric sound transmitter and a sound refracting focuscr arranged in relation to the transmitter to focus sound vibrations on the side of the transmitter.

13. A vertically disposed electric sound transmitter and a sound focuser arranged in relation to the transmitter to focus sound viln'ationstm. the bottom of the transmitter.

.L-t; A vertically disposed electric sound- I retracting sound focnser arranged in relation to the transmitter to focus sound vibrations on a diaphragm ot' the transmitter and also upon a side of the transmitter. 1 g

17. An electric sound transmitter and a 2 sound focuser arranged in "relation to the transmitter to focus part thereof,

18. An electric sound transmitter and a sound tocuser ar'anged in relation to the transmitter to focus sound vibrations upon sound vibrations on any 'all parts of the transmitter and to shield the same.

19. An electric sound transmitter and 'in closing sound t'ocusers oppositely arranged in relation to each other and to the transmitter whereby, sound vibrations from either direction are eausetil. to be focused upon the transmitter.

20. An electric sound transmitter and a universal sound focuser arranged in relation to the transmitter to focus sounds thereon coming from any direction and without changing its position. I

21. An electric sound transmitter and inelosing sound focusers oppositely arranged in relation toeach other and to the transmitter whereby sound vibrations from either direction ai'ecilusml to be focused upon the transmitter and Without changing the position of the transmitter.

22. An electric sound transmitter having a number of sound receiving diaphragms, vertically arranged, and an inclosing sound tocuser for each diaphragm, the focusers and transmitter being free to move or turn upon or about a substantially vertical axis.

23; An electric sound transmitter having a tuned diaphragm and an inclosing sound tocuser to focus sound vibrations thereon.

24. A suspended electric sound transmitter comprising a suspending means, a. closed shell, one or more sections of which form a soimd-t'ocusing means, and an electric transmitter contained in the shell, having one or more diaphragms bearing a-focusing relation to the focusing section or sections of the shell.

ARTHUR J. MUNDY.

\Vitnesses V F. F. RAYMOND, J. M. DOLAN. 

